Novel orbits of Mercury,Venus and Mars enabled using low-thrust propulsion

Exploration of the inner planets of the Solar System is vital to significantly enhance the understanding of the formulation of the Earth and other planets. This paper therefore considers the development of novel orbits of Mars, Mercury and Venus to enhance the opportunities for remote sensing of these planets. Continuous acceleration is used to extend the critical inclination of highly elliptical orbits at each planet and is shown to require modest thrust magnitudes. This paper also presents the extension of existing sun-synchronous orbits around Mars. However, unlike Earth and Mars, natural sun-synchronous orbits do not exist at Mercury or Venus. This research therefore also uses continuous acceleration to enable circular and elliptical sun-synchronous orbits, by ensuring that the orbit's nodal precession rate matches the planets mean orbital rate around the Sun, such that the lighting along the ground-track remains approximately constant over the mission duration. This property is useful both in terms of spacecraft design, due to the constant thermal conditions, and for comparison of images. Considerably high thrust levels are however required to enable these orbits, which are prohibitively high for orbits with inclinations around 90°. These orbits therefore require some development in electric propulsion systems before becoming feasible.     

Station keeping of a solar sail around a Halo orbit

Solar sails are a concept of spacecraft propulsion that takes advantage of solar radiation pressure to propel a spacecraft. Although the thrust provided by a solar sail is small it is constant and unlimited. This offers the chance to deal with novel mission concept. In this work we want to discuss the controllability of a spacecraft around a Halo orbit by means of a solar sail. We will describe the natural dynamics for a solar sail around a Halo orbit. By natural dynamics we mean the behaviour of the trajectory of a solar sail when no control on the sail orientation is applied. We will then discuss how a sequence of changes on the sail orientation will affects the sail's trajectory, and we will use this information to derive efficient station keeping strategies. Finally we will check the robustness of these strategies including different sources of errors in our simulations.     

编队飞行卫星群相对轨道测量研究

编队飞行卫星群自主式相对轨道测量和确定是绕飞轨道的关键技术之一,考虑了利用星敏感器和雷达以及利用GPS(Global Positioning System)信号来进行相对定轨的传统方式,提出了基于伪卫星技术的定轨方案.伪卫星技术指在卫星上安装载波发生器和接收器,利用这些装置来进行卫星间的距离测量.在这些方案中,应用了差分GPS技术,采用优化方法求解多元非线性方程.这些测量方法分别适应于不同的情况.利用相对轨道要素的概念,在前面测量结果的基础上,通过卡尔曼滤波进一步提高了定轨精度.仿真计算表明这些方案可以满足不同尺度编队构型保持要求,并给出了部分结果.     

基于中轴变换的型腔高速铣削刀具轨迹生成方法

框、梁、壁板、蒙皮等飞机关键零部件中包含大量型腔特征,其加工效率直接影响零件的整体加工效率。高速铣削机床的发展为此类零件的高效加工奠定了很好的硬件基础,也给型腔铣削刀具轨迹生成带来了新的问题。例如蒙皮镜像铣由于其特殊的设计,对刀具轨迹提出平滑无抬刀、步距变化严格控制在一定范围内等更严苛的要求,从而保证蒙皮高质量加工。结构件高速加工中为了保持刀具的高进给和高转速,也要求刀具轨迹平滑且步距平稳变化。然而现有的型腔铣削刀轨生成方法大多基于局部优化解决加工残余和刀轨不平滑问题,难以生成同时满足多工艺约束尤其是步距约束的刀具轨迹,无法完全发挥高速机床的性能。针对此问题,本文提出基于中轴变换的型腔高速铣削刀具轨迹生成及优化方法。该方法首先基于中轴变换提取型腔骨架线,并进一步修正从而生成刀轨偏置基准和初始刀轨。其次利用图像变形算法对初始刀轨进行迭代变形优化,使最终优化刀轨与目标型腔区域吻合,且满足高速加工的工艺约束条件。该方法在离散的图像域内从整体角度优化刀具轨迹,不仅保证轨迹平滑无抬刀,还能保证步距在容许范围内平稳变化。实验证明本文提出的方法在保证轨迹平滑和步距平稳变化等方面的有效性,能够满足高性能加工的要求。     

行星探测器GNC系统自主安全模式设计

针对行星探测器GNC系统自主生存能力要求高的特点,设计具有黄极捕获功能的惯性安全模式和无惯性系定向支持的应急安全模式．描述安全模式下姿态确定与控制任务,提出相应的方案．通过对安全模式的任务分析可知,该模式下探测器可以自主进行姿态机动,保证能源供给和星地通信链路建立．     

最优冲量交会的研究进展

 对最优冲量交会的研究进展进行综述,介绍最优冲量交会中四类比较典型的研究成果：基于冲量校正理论的最优冲量交会、Lambert最优冲量交会、利用数值方法求解的最优冲量交会和基于邻近圆轨道交会理论的最优冲量交会,并分析这些类型的最优交会的特点。     

整体叶盘数控加工技术研究

整体叶盘是高推比航空发动机采用的新结构。分析了国际同类整体叶盘制造技术,提出了一种整体叶盘复合制造工艺方案及五坐标数控加工的关键技术,包括叶盘通道分析与加工区域划分、最佳刀轴方向的确定与光顺处理、通道的高效粗加工技术、型面的精确加工技术、加工变形处理和叶片与刀具减振技术等。给出了该研究成果在预研型号中的应用实例,证明了所提方法的先进性和有效性。     

一种新的五轴加工干涉处理算法

根据雕塑曲面的五轴加工特点 ,对干涉进行了分析研究 ,提出了一种新的干涉处理算法 :用均匀分布在刀具表面的直线与逼近加工曲面的一系列三角片求交 ,来检查及修正干涉。计算实例表明 ,这种算法稳定、可靠 ,在雕塑曲面五轴加工编程中 ,具有重要的实用价值